Sodium Carbonate (Light- Heavy Soda)

Sodium carbonate, or caustic soda, is one of the most important industrial chemical compounds, produced in two main forms: light and heavy. This substance has a wide range of applications in various industries due to its alkaline properties and water solubility.

Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) is a white mineral salt that occurs in powder or crystal form. It is found naturally in some alkaline lakes but is mainly produced industrially due to high demand.

Difference between light and heavy sodium carbonate

The only main difference between light and heavy sodium carbonate is their particle size and density.

Light sodium carbonate: It has finer particles and lower density. For this reason, it dissolves easily in water and is used in the detergent, textile and water purification industries.
Heavy sodium carbonate: It has coarser particles and higher density. For this reason, it is used in the glass, paper and leather industries.

Properties of sodium carbonate

Alkalinity: Sodium carbonate is an alkaline substance and creates an alkaline solution in water.
Solubility in water: Both light and heavy types of sodium carbonate dissolve in water.
Moisture absorption: Sodium carbonate absorbs moisture from the air.
Thermal stability: It is stable at high temperatures.

Sodium carbonate applications

Detergent industry: Production of laundry detergents, dishwashing detergents and household cleaners
Textile industry: Dyeing, bleaching and pH adjustment processes
Food industry: pH adjustment, texture improvement and increase in food shelf life
Glass industry: Glass production
Paper industry: Paper bleaching and recycling processes
Leather industry: Leather tanning
Water treatment: Water softening and removal of impurities
Agriculture: Soil pH adjustment and pest control
Pharmaceutical industry: Production of some drugs
Safety tips
Sodium carbonate is an alkaline substance and its contact with skin and eyes can cause irritation and burns.
Use gloves and safety glasses when working with sodium carbonate.
Store sodium carbonate in a cool, dry place.