Ethylene Glycol is an organic chemical compound with the chemical formula HOCH₂CH₂OH. It is a clear, colorless, odorless, and sweet liquid that is widely used in various industries.

Physical and chemical properties

Solubility: It dissolves well in water and many organic solvents.
Boiling point: It is relatively high.
Viscosity: It has a moderate viscosity.
Density: It is slightly higher than water.
Antifreeze property: Ethylene glycol greatly lowers the freezing point of water and for this reason is used as an antifreeze in cooling systems.

Applications of Ethylene Glycol

Antifreeze: The main use of ethylene glycol is as an antifreeze in the cooling systems of automobiles, engines, and industrial equipment.
Production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET): One of the most important uses of ethylene glycol is in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is used to make beverage bottles, synthetic fibers, and packaging films.
Solvent: Ethylene glycol is used as a solvent for paints, inks, and resins.
Antifreeze in the food industry: It is used as an antifreeze for frozen foods in some food industries.
Production of explosives: In the past, ethylene glycol was used in the production of explosives, but due to its dangers, this application has received less attention.
Advantages of using ethylene glycol
Strong antifreeze property: Effectively lowers the freezing point of water.
Good solubility: Suitable as a solvent for many chemicals.
Mass production and reasonable price: Due to mass production, the price of ethylene glycol is relatively reasonable.

Hazards and Safety Precautions

Toxicity: Ethylene glycol is a toxic substance and ingestion can cause severe poisoning and even death.
Irritability: Ethylene glycol contact with skin or eyes can cause irritation.
Flammability: Ethylene glycol vapors are flammable.
Environmental: Ethylene glycol discharge into the environment can cause water and soil contamination.