Chlorinated Hydrocarbons

Chlorinated hydrocarbons, also known as organochlorides, are organic compounds that contain at least one covalently bonded chlorine atom. These compounds have a wide range of applications and properties due to their structural diversity.

Common Examples:

Chloroform (CHCl₃)

Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl₄)

Dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂)

Trichloroethylene (C₂HCl₃)

Tetrachloroethylene (C₂Cl₄)

Properties:
Density: Typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine.

Boiling and Melting Points: Higher compared to related hydrocarbons.

Flammability: Reduces with increased chlorine substitution.

Alkylating Agents: Some aliphatic organochlorides can act as alkylating agents, which can result in cellular damage.

Applications:
Solvents: Used in industrial applications as solvents.

Pesticides: Some chlorinated hydrocarbons, like DDT, are used as insecticides.

Synthetic Materials: Used in the production of polymers, coatings, and synthetic rubber.

Natural Occurrence: Found in various natural sources, including marine algae and certain animals.

Environmental Concerns:
Toxicity: Some chlorinated hydrocarbons can pose significant environmental and health risks if released into the environment.