Ammonia

Ammonia is a chemical compound with the formula NH3. It is a colorless, suffocating gas that has wide applications in nature and various industries.

Physical and chemical properties of ammonia:

Physical state: At room temperature and normal pressure, ammonia is a gas.
Odor: It has a pungent and suffocating odor.
Solubility: It dissolves easily in water and forms a weak alkaline solution called aqueous ammonia or household ammonia.
Alkalinity: Ammonia is a weak base and reacts with acids to form ammonium salts.
Toxicity: Ammonia is a toxic gas and its inhalation can damage the respiratory system.

Ammonia applications:

Fertilizer industry: The largest amount of ammonia produced in the world is used to produce nitrogen fertilizers. Ammonia is the main source of nitrogen for plants and helps them grow.
Chemical industry: Ammonia is used as a raw material to produce many other chemical compounds such as ammonium nitrate, urea, nitric acid, and sodium carbonate.
Refrigeration: Ammonia is used as a refrigerant in industrial refrigeration systems.
Explosives production: Some ammonium compounds, such as ammonium nitrate, are used in the production of explosives.
Water purification: Ammonia is used to purify water and remove chlorine from water.